التغذية
التغذية في مرض الكبد
The liver plays a central role in energy and nutrient metabolism. Malnutrition is highly prevalent among patients with chronic liver disease and leads to increased morbidity and mortality rates. The main goals of providing nutritional support to these patients are multiple: to prevent further liver injury and promote liver regeneration, to slow the overall deterioration of the patient, to minimize the risk of infection, and to prevent macro and micro nutrient deficiencies and, thereby, maximize growth potential.
مخصصات الحمية المطلوبة
الفيتامينات القابلة للذوبان في الدهون
Age | Energy | Protein | Vitamin A | Vitamin D | Vitamin E | Vitamin K | ||||
k. cal | g | IU | *ug RE | IU | *ug | IU | *mg TE | *ug | ||
Children | 4-6 | 1,800 | 30/24 | 2,500 | 500 | 400 | 5 | 9 | 7 | -/20 |
7-10 | 2,400/ 2,000 | 36/28 | 3,300 | 500 | 400 | 5 | 10 | 7 | -/30 | |
Males | 15-18 | 3,000 | 54/59 | 5,000 | 1,000 | 400 | 5 | 15 | 10 | -/65 |
19-24 | 3,000/ 2,900 | 54/58 | 5,000 | 1,000 | 400 | 5 | 15 | 10 | -/70 | |
25-50 | 2,700 | 56/63 | 5,000 | 1,000 | – | 5 | 15 | 10 | -/80 | |
50+ | 2,400 | 56/63 | 5,000 | 1,000 | – | 10 | 15 | 10 | -/80 | |
Females | 15-18 | 2,100 | 48/44 | 4,000 | 800 | 400 | 5 | 12 | 8 | -/55 |
19-24 | 2,100 | 46/46 | 4,000 | 800 | 400 | 5 | 12 | 8 | -/60 | |
25-50 | 2,000 | 46/50 | 4,000 | 800 | – | 5 | 12 | 8 | -/65 | |
50+ | 1,800 | 46/50 | 4,000 | 800 | – | 10 | 12 | 8 | -/65 |
الفيتامينات القابلة للذوبان في الماء
Age | Ascorbic Acid | Folacin/ Folate | Niacin | Riboflavin | Thiamine | Vitamin B6 | Vitamin B12 | |||
mg | mcg | mg | mg | mg | mg | mcg | ||||
Children | 4-6 | 40/45 | 200/75 | 12 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9/1.1 | 1.5/1.0 | ||
7-10 | 40/45 | 300/100 | 16/13 | 1.2 | 1.2/1.0 | 1.2 | 2.0/1.4 | |||
Males | 15-18 | 45/60 | 400/200 | 20 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 3.0/2.0 | ||
19-24 | 45/60 | 400/200 | 20/19 | 1.8/1.7 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 3.0/2.0 | |||
25-50 | 45/60 | 400/200 | 18/19 | 1.6/1.7 | 1.4/1.5 | 2.0 | 3.0/2.0 | |||
50+ | 45/60 | 400/200 | 16/15 | 1.5/1.4 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 3.0/2.0 | |||
Female | 15-18 | 45/60 | 400/180 | 14/15 | 1.4/1.3 | 1.1 | 2.0/1.5 | 3.0/2.0 | ||
19-24 | 45/60 | 400/180 | 14/15 | 1.4/1.3 | 1.1 | 2.0/1.6 | 3.0/2.0 | |||
25-50 | 45/60 | 400/180 | 13/15 | 1.2/1.3 | 1.0/1.1 | 2.0/1.6 | 3.0/2.0 | |||
50+ | 45/60 | 400/180 | 12/13 | 1.1/1.2 | 1.0 | 2.0/1.6 | 3.0/2.0 |
المعادن
Age | Calcium | Phosphorous | Iodine | Iron | Magnesium | Zinc | Selenium | Fluoride | |||
mg | mg | ug | mg | mg | mg | *ug | *mg | ||||
Children | 4-6 | 800 | 800/500 | 80/90 | 10 | 200/130 | 10 | -/20 | -/1.1 | ||
7-10 | 800 | 800 | 110/120 | 10 | 250 | 10 | -/30 | -/3.2 | |||
Males | 15-18 | 1200/1300 | 1200/1250 | 150 | 18/12 | 400/410 | 15 | -/50 | -/3.8 | ||
19-24 | 800/1000 | 800/700 | 140/150 | 10 | 350/400 | 15 | -/70 | -/3.8 | |||
25-50 | 800/1000 | 800/700 | 130/150 | 10 | 350/420 | 15 | -/70 | -/3.8 | |||
50+ | 800/1200 | 800/700 | 110/150 | 10 | 350/420 | 15 | -/70 | -/2.9 | |||
Female | 15-18 | 1200/1300 | 1200/1250 | 115/150 | 18/15 | 300/360 | 15/12 | -/50 | -/3.1 | ||
19-24 | 800/1000 | 800/700 | 100/150 | 18/15 | 300/310 | 15/12 | -/55 | -/3.1 | |||
25-50 | 800/1000 | 800/700 | 100/150 | 18/15 | 300/320 | 15/12 | -/55 | -/3.1 | |||
50+ | 800/1200 | 800/700 | 80/150 | 10 | 300/320 | 15/12 | -/55 | -/3.1 |